Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto and Its Impact on Society...

Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto and Its Impact on Society According to the humanities based themes, autonomy and responsibility are defined as â€Å"the individual person has the ability to make choices; with those choices comes a responsibility for the consequences of those choices.† [i] This can be related to the Communist Manifesto, which was written by Karl Marx in the 1800’s. Even deeper though, it correlates the class struggles that were apparent in Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Marx knew there was a division of classes; the bourgeoisie was the wealthy upper class and they proletariats were the lower working classes of Europe. This is where the theme of autonomy and responsibility steps in and†¦show more content†¦Everyday their main goal was to figure out how they were going to get through that day, how they were going to keep their family alive until tomorrow. The decision, although not appealing was quite simple, another day of working under the bourgeoisie. For if they did not do this than they simply did not survive. A proletariat agreed to accomplish what was asked of him or her; there was no other way around it. Thus, a necessity to speak up and work for changes was found in the people after going through enough unfair treatment and disrespect that no human being deserves. â€Å"Marx preached the fiery rhetoric of class warfare, explaining to the mesmerized workers that revolution was not only the sole answers to their difficulties but was indeed inevitable.† [iii] Before the time where an urge to revolt arose, the wealthy had the power. As part of their power, they had to keep things running smoothly. Unfortunately, their ideas of the world as a better place was making the working class do all the labor and in return giving them the least amount of reward possible so they could take most of the revenue into their own hands. The upper class made decisions for the feeble lower class and then it was up to these unstable people to produce the result desired. As far as the bourgeoisie were concerned, there was not anything wrong in the way they were going about life. This was one of the biggest problems at the time. The bourgeoisieShow MoreRelatedThe Great Philosophies From The 19th Century1386 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the 19th century was Karl Marx. The German native born May 5 1818 was known for his works as not only a philosopher but an economist, journalist revolutionary socialist and sociologist. Marx’s different va rieties of work influenced his understanding of society and and the economy during his time period. Once Marx got older, he moved to London England where he progressed his ideas and even collaborate with Friedrich Engels with whom he published numerous works. Marx’s most well known piece ofRead More Karl Marx and His Radical Views Essay1169 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx and His Radical Views Karl Marx[i] Karl Marx is among the most important and influential of all modern philosophers who expressed his ideas on humans in nature. According to the University of Dayton, â€Å"the human person is part of a larger history of life on this planet. Through technology humans have the power to have an immense effect on that life.†[ii] The people of his time found that the impact of the Industrial Revolution would further man’s success within thisRead MoreA Brief Look at Karl Marx769 Words   |  3 PagesA person does not have to positively impact the world to be influential. Karl Marx certainly left a mark on the world, but whether his impact was revolutionary or simply detrimental is up to debate. Marx was largely influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment figures like Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Hegel. Most know him in regard to his writing the Communist Manifesto and its influence on revolutions that led to the formation of notoriously oppressive communist stat es. His ideas form the base of modernRead MoreKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto1453 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Communist Manifesto, a document that first proclaimed the ideology of communism itself, Marx declared that the â€Å"history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles† (Marx, Karl and Frederick Engels). As a man who spurred resentment of governments and inspired revolutionaries, Karl Marx is often regarded as a man who led to the rise of 20th century tyrannical dictators such as Stalin and Mao to take power. His ideas are regarded as failures and, by some, are seen asRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm922 Words   |  4 Pageswisest boar of the farm, Old Major, mimics Karl Marx, the â€Å"Father of Communism,† and Vladimir Lenin, a Russian communist revolutionary. George Orwell introduces direct parallels between the respected figures through their mutual ideas of equality and profoundly appreciated qualities. Furthermore, his utilization of dialect and descriptions represent the key ideas of the novel. Throughout the novel, Orwell continues to show comparisons between Old Major and Karl Marx/ Vladimir Lenin that reveal theirRead More Karl Marx And The Communist Manifesto Essay example901 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto Because the first printing of the Communist Manifesto was limited and the circulation restricted, the Manifesto did not have much impact on society after it was written in 1848. This meant that there were not many people who had access to the document. It wasn’t until 1871, when the Paris Commune occurred, that the Communist Manifesto began to have a huge impact on the working class all over the world.[i] The Paris Commune, whichRead MoreLife of Karl Marx Essays1493 Words   |  6 Pagesof Karl Marx Karl Marx was possibly one of the most influential thinkers of his time. Marx was born in Trier, Germany on April , 15 1818. His father, a Jewish lawyer, provided a comfortable life for Marx and his siblings. His mother, Henrietta, was of Dutch decent. His parents goal was to provide a family life that would foster an environment conducive to the development of their children. His father hoped Karl wouldRead More Biography of Karl Marx Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesBiography of Karl Marx Few names evoke as strong a response as Karl Marx. Some consider him a genius and a prophet, while others see only evil in his ideas. Everyone agrees that Marx stands among the social thinkers with the greatest impact on the worlds people. There are many people who pass into and out of our lives. It is those great people that are remembered forever. One great person is Karl Marx. He is an extraordinary person that has changed and shaped the wayRead MoreMarx Vs. Locke1476 Words   |  6 Pagestheir own writings. In Karl Marx’s reading called The Communist Manifesto he explains the differences and similarities between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat people. In Rousseau’s reading called Discourse on the Origins of Inequality mainly focuses on the differences and how people are treated in the world. Nowadays when you think about â€Å"work you would consider it to be very helpful, but back in the day not many people would agree with that. When reading the works of Karl Marx and John Locke youRead MoreThe Technology Of The Digital Generation Better Than The Meme1653 Words   |  7 Pagesexample of sophisticated use of the idea of the meme which validates its assimilation into the dictionary o f academic prose. What Is Marxism? Karl Marx has become one of the most divisive figures in all of human history and he is definitely one of the most influential men to ever live. For years after the publishing of his most enduring work, The Communist Manifesto, Marxist principles changed not just the economy of some of the world’s greatest political powers, but the tone and subject matter of many

Physical Correlation Between Physical Activities And...

Aram Bebekyan Physiology 01 Mon/Weds. Physical Activity In Relation to Cancer The fever, aches, pains, weakness and the feeling of death nearby comes by as one never expects it, and this is called cancer. It has become an epidemic as statistics show an increase of deaths from this horrible disease throughout the years. There are many organizations that support the development of new treatments and strategies to decrease these numbers. Although, this battle has been going on for a long time, there is one thing that always has shown to benefit people. As we take a look through medical/scientific research, we can understand the relation between physical activities for prevention, during and post cancer. When somebody is diagnosed with cancer, they usually get the options of different treatments. Depending on the severity, location of the abnormal cell growth, and other factors, the option varies with each individual. There are the options of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy among others. Mdanderson.org states that there are possible side e ffects from treatment including fatigue, endocrine changes, increase in blood glucose levels and many more. As a result, many doctors after treatment will tell you to let your body rest. However, there are recent researches showing the benefits of physical activity in relation to cancer. One of the biggest symptoms one will see in a cancer patient is weight loss, muscle loss, fatigue, and appetite loss. In medicalShow MoreRelatedDetermining Patterns Of Sedentary Behavior And Body Mass Index1104 Words   |  5 Pageswas to observe a possible correlation between sedentary activity levels and body mass index (BMI) in toddlers. METHODS: I assessed physical activity (PA) over three to seven days using the ActiGraph GTM1 accelerometer in 80 toddlers (mean age 1.88 years; 58% male; 38% Hispanic; and 43% overweight) defined by weight percentile (≠¥85th percentile for age and gender) from Ventura County, California. RESULTS: There does not appear to be any significant difference in the activity levels of obese versusRead MorePain and Anxiety Associated with Falls in the Elderly684 Words   |  3 Pagesfactors that may contribute to falls associated with the elderly. Dizziness is a complaint that tends to increase as a person ages, which can also be said about the incidence of falling. According to Menant et al, dizziness symptoms can affect the activities of daily living in many elderly people. Many studies have found that dizziness can be a result from both medical and psychological factors. This study was conducted on 526 elderly individuals who were randomly selected to a dizzy and non-dizzyRead MoreMental And Physical Health Of College Students1469 Words   |  6 Pages Literature Review: Mental and Physical Health of College Students Jackie Brocious Misericordia University Literature Review: Mental and Physical Health of College Students This paper is focused on the sub-topic of mental and physical health of college students, either within healthcare-related fields or general graduate programs. This sub-topic is a branch of our group’s research purpose of identifying the occupational therapy (OT) student’s perception and confidence with an OT programRead MoreTrends in Healthcare Strategies801 Words   |  3 Pageshere is that many of these conditions are preventable. Ironically, current health technology and a focus on healthier lifestyles have created a longer life expectancy than ever before in human history. The irony is, however, that older age and less activity also means more chronic conditions. This is something that should form the focus of implementing a health care program for the baby boomer generation. When designing a program for the baby boomer generation in Phoenix then, my first step wouldRead MorePreventing Teen Substance Abuse Within Rural Areas1205 Words   |  5 PagesPsychologyToday.com has listed boredom among the top reasons that teens get themselves into trouble (Lohmann, 2010). Public programs and activities provide a healthy outlet for these potentially troubled teens and are a necessary facet of any environment. There is a direct correlation between lack of community supported recreation and teen drug abuse; by developing an array of activities and support systems in rural areas it is possible to decrease the likelihood that adolescents will use substances, unfortunatelyRead MoreImportant Predictors Of Nutrition And Physical Activity Essay924 Words   |  4 Pagesauthors Fatemeh Rahmati-Najarkolaei, Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian, Mohammed Gholami Fesharaki and Mohammed Reza Jafari studied factors predicting nutrition and physical activity behaviors with the concern of cardiovascular disease in Tehran University students. This study aims to identify the important predictors of nutrition and physical activity in relation to cardiovascular disease in students of Tehran University. (Rahmati-Najarkolaei, Tavafian, Fesharaki, Jafari 2014). Participants, Tehran UniversityRead MorePain and Anxiety with Dizziness and Falls in Older People623 Words   |  3 Pagespsychological, and physiological mediators of the relationship between dizziness and falls in older adults. Dizziness is a complaint that tends to increase as a person ages, which can be said about the incidence of falls. According to Menant et al, dizziness symptoms can be debilitating and lead to poorer quality of life, self-reported functional disability, poor health, depression, less falls self-efficacy, and restricted participation of social activities. Multiple studies have reported that dizziness canRead MoreCardiovascular Disease Is The Number One Killer1696 Words   |  7 PagesCardiovascular disease is the number one killer in the United States, causing about 610,000 deaths yearly (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Cardiovascular disease is defined as a group of disorders damaging the heart and blood vessels, usually involving the blockage of vessels, which in turn harm the heart (WHO, 2015). A 2011 American Heart Association statement predicted that without intervention, 40% of United States adults will have at least one form of Cardiovascular diseaseRead Mo reChildhood Obesity Among African American And Hispanic American Families Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pagesreport the prevalence of childhood obesity is steadily increasing in developed and underdeveloped countries. In their study Karnik Kanekar (2015) found that childhood obesity occurrence amongst preschool children between 2-5-year-old girls and boys has increased from 5.0 to 10% between 1976-1980; obesity has increased from 6.5 to 19.6% amongst children aged 6-11-years -old during 2007 and 2008. (Karnik Kanekar, 2015) 2. Review of Literature In 2030, it is projected that the number of overweightRead MoreHeart Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, And Hypertension1440 Words   |  6 Pagesrather than cured) can be prevented by lifestyle behaviors. Formulating the research through the exploration of â€Å"physical activity,† â€Å"dietary habits,† and lastly, â€Å"weight status related to motivators and barriers of healthy lifestyle choices† of 106 college students. Downes introduces the issue that the majority of the American population does not heed the recommended physical activity and dietary habits in order to maintain optimum health and in turn causes such chronic diseases to develop overtime

Mark Prior Free Essays

Luck has had little to do with Mark Prior’s success as a ballplayer. It was his dedication and  talent that landed Prior in the major leagues and perhaps a lack of luck that attributed to the right-  handed pitcher being sidelined during the peak of his career. But at age 26, Prior is optimistic of  a comeback. We will write a custom essay sample on Mark Prior or any similar topic only for you Order Now When Prior debuted with the Chicago Cubs on May 22, 2002, he was nothing short of  impressive which should have been expected considering he was the second overall pick in the  draft. His record earned him all-star status as he was chosen to play in the 2003 All-Star game in  only his first full season in the major leagues. Prior’s pitching technique seemed flawless and was considered a combination of the styles of  Greg Maddox and Roger Clemens. His first full season with the Chicago Cubs ranked him third  in the National League’s Cy Young Award voting with a record of 18 wins and only six losses.  Prior became well known for his 90-plus mph fastball, curveball, slurveball and changeup. But freak accidents and injuries began to disrupt his career in the making. Numerous stints on  the disabled list and now an entire season on hold to recuperate from shoulder surgery have  many questioning the future of the once valued Cubs pitcher. Born September 7, 1980, Prior attended University of San Diego High School where he  excelled on the ball field. As a 1998 graduate, he had a 0.93 earned run average. Prior was then  drafted by the New York Yankees in the amateur draft but a contract was never negotiated and  signed. He began his college education at Vanderbilt University, the same school his father attended.  During his sophomore year, Prior transferred to the University of Southern California (USC).  There he was honored as one of the best collegiate athletes in the country. Prior pitched for USC for two seasons and earned numerous awards including seven national  Player of the Year awards. As a junior, his record was 15-1 with six complete games and three  shutouts. His ERA was 1.69. He earned the prestigious Golden Spikes Award. He also led the  team to the 2000 College World Series. Prior entered the draft again and this time he was chosen as the second pick overall in the  draft. As he concentrated on his baseball career and the hope of one day being called up to play  for the Chicago Cubs, Prior continued his college education on a part-time basis and eventually  earned a business degree in 2004 from the USC Marshall School of Business.  In 2003, his first full season as a pitcher for the Cubs, his talent was obvious as he tallied an  18-6 win-lose record despite missing three starts due to an injury. Prior was injured when he  collided on the field with the Atlanta Braves second baseman Marcus Giles. Both Prior and Giles  were scheduled to play in the 2003 All-Star Game but missed due to their injuries.  Prior was voted Player of the Month in August and September. He went on to earn a 10-1  record as the Cubs made their way into the playoffs. That led to the infamous fan interference  incident in which Steve Bartman caught a fly ball hit into the stands that could have easily been  caught by the Cubs outfielder. The Cubs ended up losing the game and Prior suffered through the  loss. In 2004, Prior missed the first two months of the season with an Achilles tendon injury.  Although rumors surfaced that Prior needed reconstructive elbow surgery, he returned to the  mound with a less than stellar performance with six wins and four losses and an ERA of 4.02.  Again in 2005, Prior started the season on the disabled list. He returned and was pitching up  to par until May 27th when another misfortune came his way. Prior was pitching to Brad Hawpe, an old rival from LSU who hit a three-run homerun off  Prior in the College World Series. As they faced off in the major leagues, Hawpe drilled a pitch  and sent a 117 mph line drive back to Prior, hitting him in the right elbow and putting him on the  disabled list with a compression fracture. Prior finished the season 11-7 in 27 starts.  During spring training the following year, Prior began to feel a stiffness in his throwing  shoulder. He was put on a slow pitch program and sent for tests that revealed he had a strained  shoulder. He was put on the disabled list for 15 days in March missing the start of the 2006  season. When he returned, he gave up six runs to the Detroit Tigers in the first inning. He went  on to earn a devastating 0-4 record with a 7.71 ERA and was once again put on the disabled list  after straining his left oblique during batting practice. He returned to the minor leagues and three  games later, Prior earned his first win of the year against the Pittsburgh Pirates. By August of 2006, he was back on the disabled list with tendonitis for the remainder of the  season. His record was 1-6 and ERA was a high 7.21.During the off-season, he complained of a loose shoulder and when conditioning did not  improve the situation, Prior sought medical treatment and discovered he would need arthroscopic  surgery on his right shoulder. In April, Prior underwent surgery and it was successful but put an early end to the 2007  season before it even began for him. Because of his age, doctors see no reason Prior cannot  return to pitching in 2007. RESOURCES MLB Advanced Media, LP (2001-2007) Chicago Cubs. Retrieved May 8, 2007 from http://chicago.cubs.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=407578       How to cite Mark Prior, Essay examples

French Education System free essay sample

In France, education has a clear goal: the system must always produce a group of well-educated individuals with a common culture, language and abilities that can then serve the State. The French educational system has a very large emphasis on content, culturally specific knowledge, scientific and mathematic knowledge. The system is designed to serve the needs of the state; the individuality and originality are not considered worth while values The French Republic has 60 million inhabitants, living in the 22 regions of metropolitan France and four overseas departments (1. million). Despite the fact that the population is growing slightly (up 0. 4% a year), the number and proportion of young people under 25 are, however, falling: there are now fewer than 19 million of them in metropolitan France, i. e. 32% of the total population, compared with 40% around 1970 and 35% at the time of the 1990 census. France is seeing a slow aging of the population — less marked however than in other neighbouring countries (Germany and Italy), especially as the annual number of births is currently increasing slightly. We will write a custom essay sample on French Education System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 5 million pupils and students, i. e. a quarter of the population, are in the education system. Just over 2 million are in higher education. In 1999, Frances GDP was close to FF 9,000 billion (EUR 1,330 billion), i. e. FF 150,000 (EUR 22,000) per inhabitant. Of this total, just over FF 600 billion (EUR 95 billion) were devoted to initial or continuing education: 7. 2% of GDP. As far as school education spending is concerned, France is in a middle position, behind the Nordic countries (Sweden and Denmark), but fairly significantly ahead of Italy and Japan. France has a workforce today of 26 million, of whom fewer than 2 million are unemployed: the unemployment rate recently fell to below 9%. 6% of the labor force (about 1. 5 million jobs, including 1 million civil servants and local government officers) are undergoing training. Educational Structure Around 13 million pupils attend school in France. The system is a unified one, whose present general structure (primary schools, colleges, lycees) was gradually put in place during the 1960s and 1970s, ending the formerly more compartmentalized system which was based on a clear separation between rimary and secondary education. Since the 1970s, France has also had an outstanding record with respect to the development of pre-school education; all 3- to 5-year-olds can go to nursery classes. Since 1967, school attendance has been compulsory for those from 6 to 16 years of age. France has 60,000 primary schools catering to pupils during their first five years of formal education: the first three years (CP cours preparatoire cours elementaire 1 and 2) provide a grounding in the basic skills. The next stage CM1/CM2 (cours moyen 1 and 2) takes the children up to the end of primary school. Secondary schooling is divided into two successive stages, known as cycles. From 11 to 15 years, almost all children now attend a college, taking them from form 6 (sixieme) to form 3 (troisieme) (1). Since 1975 there has been a single mixed-ability college for all pupils regardless of their level of achievement. After form 3, they move onto a general, technical or vocational lycee. These prepare pupils for the corresponding baccalaureatexaminations (referred to as le bac), which they normally take at the age of 18.

Voltaires Candide All Is Not For The Best Essays - Fiction

Voltaire's Candide: All Is Not For The Best Voltaire's Candide: All is Not for the Best Voltaire's Candide is the story of an innocent man's experiences in a mad and evil world, his struggle to survive in that world, and his need to ultimately come to terms with it. All people experience the turmoil of life and must overcome obstacles, both natural and man-made, in order to eventually achieve happiness. In life, man must find a medium between what Martin (scholar and companion to Candide) calls the convulsions of anxiety and the lethargy of boredom (Richter 137). After a long and difficult struggle in which Candide is forced to overcome misfortune to find happiness, he concludes that all is not well (as he has previously been taught by his tutor, Dr. Pangloss), and that he must work in order to find even a small amount of pleasure in life. Candide grows up in the Castle of Westphalia and is taught by the learned philosopher, Dr. Pangloss. Candide is abruptly exiled from the castle when found kissing the Baron's daughter, Cunegonde. Devastated by the separation from Cunegonde, his true love, Candide sets out to different places in the hope of finding her and achieving total happiness. On his journey, he faces a number of misfortunes, among them being tortured during army training, yet he continues to believe that there is a cause and effect for everything. Candide is reunited with Cunegonde, and regains a life of prosperity, but soon all is taken away, including his beloved Cunegonde. He travels on, and years later he finds her again, but she is now fat and ugly. His wealth is all gone and so is his love for the Baron's daughter. Throughout Candide, we see how accepting situations and not trying to change or overcome obstacles can be damaging. Life is full of struggles, but it would be nonproductive if people passively accepted whatever fate had in store for them, shrugging off their personal responsibility. Voltaire believes that people should not allow themselves to be victims. He sneers at naive, accepting types, informing us that people must work to reach their utopia (Bottiglia 93). In Candide, reality and the real world are portrayed as being disappointing. Within the Baron's castle, Candide is able to lead a Utopian life. After his banishment, though, he recognizes the evil of the world, seeing man's sufferings. The only thing that keeps Candide alive is his hope that things will get better. Even though the world is filled with disaster, Candide has an optimistic attitude that he adopted from Dr. Pangloss' teachings. In spite of his many trials, Candide believes that all is well and everything is for the best. Only once, in frustration, does he admit that he sometimes feels that optimism is the mania of maintaining that all is well when we are miserable (Voltaire 41). Candide's enthusiastic view of life is contrasted with, and challenged by the suffering which he endures throughout the book. Voltaire wrote this book in a mocking and satirical manner in order to express his opinion that passive optimism is foolish (Richter 134). Candide eventually learns how to achieve happiness in the face of misadventure. He learns that in order to attain a state of contentment, one must be part of society where there is collective effort and work. Labor, Candide learns, eliminates the three curses of mankind: want, boredom, and vice. In order to create such a society, man must do the following: love his fellow man, be just, be vigilant, know how to make the best of a bad situation and keep from theorizing. Martin expresses this last requirement for such a society succinctly when he says, Let's work without speculating; it's the only way of rendering life bearable (Voltaire 77). One of the last people that Candide meets in his travels is an old, poor Turkish farmer who teaches Candide a lesson which allows him to come to terms with the world and to settle down happily. The revelation occurs when Candide and his friends hear of the killing of two intimate advisors of the sultan, and they ask the Turkish farmer if he could give them more details about the situation. I know nothing of it, said the good man, and I have never cared to know the name of a single mufti [advisor] or vizier [sultan]... I presume that in general those who meddle in public business sometimes perish miserably, and that they deserve their fate; but I am satisfied with sending the fruits of my garden there. (Voltaire 76) Upon learning that

Censoring the Internet essays

Censoring the Internet essays The internet offers a huge wealth of information both good and bad, unfortunately the vary nature of the internet makes policing this new domain practically impossible. The internet began as a small university network in the United States and has blossomed into a vast telecommunications network spanning the globe. Today the internet is ruled by no governing body and it is an open society for ideas to be developed and shared in. Unfortunately every society has its seedy underside and the internet is no exception. To fully understand the many layers to this problem, an understanding of net history is required. Some thirty years ago the RAND corporation, Americas first and foremost Cold War think-tank faced a strange strategic problem. The cold war had spawned technologies that allowed countries with nuclear capability to target multiple cities with one missile fired from the other side of the world. Post-nuclear America would need a command and control network, linked from city to city, state to state and base to base. No matter how thoroughly that network was armored or protected, its switches and wiring would always be vulnerable to the impact of atomic bombs. A nuclear bombardment would reduce any network to tatters. Any central authority would be an obvious and immediate target for enemy missiles. The center of a network would be the first place to go. So RAND mulled over this puzzle in deep military secrecy and arrived at their solution. In 1964 their proposed ideas became public. Their network would have no central authority, and it would be designed from the beginning to operate while in tatters. All the nodes in the network would be equal in status to all other nodes, each node having its own authority to originate, pass and receive messages. The messages themselves would be divided into packets, each packet separately addressed. Each packet would begin at some specified source node and end at some other specified destin...

Radiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Radiography - Essay Example At the same time, missing a menstrual period could trigger an indication that a woman is pregnant. Meanwhile, conception can take place anywhere after the 10th day of pregnancy (Russell JR, et al. 1997), making x-ray and radiography procedure likely to coincide with early conception if taken before the next onset of menstruation, when a missed period could signify pregnancy. Radiation protection remain very important in pregnancy, knowing that when substantial doses of ~10 rem are taken on pregnant women, this can cause birth defects and malformations (Health Physics Society, 2014). The 10 days rule therefore comes in as an important methodology or technique that is used to guarantee the safety of early foetuses against any potential damages. Examinations pertaining to the pelvic and abdominal areas therefore have the 10 days rule applying to but in cases of ankle and hand examinations, the 10 days rule may be exempted given to the fact that there is relatively fewer risk in this are a. In a very modernised system, radiographers have taken to the use of interventional radiological examinations that come with therapeutic applications instead of mainstream operations (Queen Mary Hospital, 2007). The 28 days rule in radiography is another form of protective regulation used in radiography procedures to guarantee the safety of potentially pregnant women from undue exposure. This is a rule that can be said to have come to replace the 10 days rule in radiography as the 10 days rules seemed to have some levels of inconsistencies with the identification of pregnancies (Royal College of Radiologists, 2012). With the 28 days rule, the emphasis is on a menstrual period that is overdue. This means that there is no grace period allowed in this instance. But ahead of the application of the 28 days rule, the radiographer will ask the woman if she has any

Operations Decision Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operations Decision - Research Paper Example The managers need to develop the skills of handling all the operational problems that arise during the course of decision making. It is important that all the environmental factors are taken into account so that the managers have all the information about the internal and external factors important for the organization’s improved performance and make effective decisions with utmost ease. In order to achieve the maximum level of operational efficiency, the managers need to make sure that they allocate the resources appropriately and utilize them in the best possible manner; the decision for resource allocation is very crucial and it is important that all the factors are properly taken into account. In case of small companies, the environment tends to be less competitive and the decisions can be made on the basis of intuition that require minimum quantitative analysis; while, in the case of large organizations that are operating in a huge market, the managers need to use both qu alitative and quantitative methods so that economical decisions are taken (Matasniemi, 2008). ... y in the case is the Operational Research method as it is the most scientific method of identifying the problems that arise in the management of operations of the business that comprise of employees, machines, material, resources along with macro environment factors such as government, defense, business and industry (Banarjee, 2012). Inline Skating Industry The company â€Å"Skating International† has its own market and currently, there are few competitors that are making foils and sails that are used by few skaters. The brand name is â€Å"Achievers† and it will be the only brand that will provide superb quality skating shoes at reasonable prices. The main aim of the company is to provide the customers with skating accessories that will help them in fulfilling their desire of having exceptional sensation towards enjoying skating. Research has shown that the companies that are manufacturing these accessories don’t use the sails that must be designed for skating; in fact, the sails are suitable for skateboards and windsurfing. Although there are many manufacturers of skates but still there is no single company that is manufacturing the skates’ accessories. The products that are being offered by the company will be Skate Sails, Blade Boots and Skate Aid. All of these products will be made from superb quality raw materials so that they are durable and the customers get their value for money. Competitor Analysis In order to survive in the dynamic environment in which changes are taking place at an accelerating rate, it is important that the companies do their environmental analysis on an ongoing basis. The skate sales have increased drastically in the last couple of years and the distribution within and outside the country has doubled as well. Although Skating

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Critical Thinking - Essay Example s and ideas, to understand them at a deeper level or to make judgments about them, to make connections between them or even to develop beliefs and ultimately to arrive at appropriate relevant action derived from these thoughts. Critical thinking has been defined in many different ways. Scriven and Paul (2007) define critical thinking as â€Å"the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action†. However in order to understand what it means to think critically one must look at the components of critical thinking and the attributes of people who think critically. The best description of what it means to think critically is the ability of the thinker to take charge of their own thinking. In order to do this it means that the thinker is engaging in a number of processes including questioning, interpreting and evaluating information, assessing and analyzing information, examining their own beliefs and assumptions and weighing up opinions against facts. One of the important criteria for thinking critically that differentiates it from other kinds of thinking such as creative thinking is that the thinking leads to reactive behaviors that are rational. To think critically therefore means more than just having thoughts; it means analyzing and evaluating an assessing not just thoughts but beliefs to improve life. Scriven, M. & Paul, R. (2007). The Critical Thinking Community. Retrieved February 12, 2008, from Foundation for Critical Thinking Web site:

Admissibility of Confessions

Admissibility of Confessions Discuss a challenge to the admissibility of confessions on the basis of oppression seems to require a high degree of police impropriety thus will rarely be established. Confessions made during questioning are seen as powerful indications of guilt and characteristically lead to conviction; 98% of cases in which suspects confess result either in a guilty plea or a conviction following trial.   As such, legal representatives of suspects who have confessed are unlikely to secure acquittal unless the confession is excluded from the evidence before the court.   Issues of inadmissibility are determined prior to trial in both magistrates’ and Crown courts and must be based on sections 76 or 78 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE). Section 76 of PACE concerns the admissibility of potentially unreliable confession evidence in criminal proceedings and section 76(2) states that confession evidence is inadmissible if it was obtained by oppression or in circumstances that are likely to make it unreliable.   Section 76(8) defines ‘oppression’ as including ‘torture, inhuman or degrading treatment, and the use or threat of violence’. The courts have required high degrees of impropriety by the police before ruling confessions inadmissible due to oppression.   One such case was the Cardiff Three who were convicted of murder on the basis of the confession of one suspect, Stephen Miller, after protracted periods of police questioning described by the Court of Appeal as ‘hostile and intimidating’.   Given the severity of wrongdoing required before the courts will find that oppression induced the confession and moves towards less aggressive questioning techniques by the police, it is difficult to use section 76(2)(a) to exclude a confession. The ground identified in section 76(2)(b) is more fertile for rendering confessions inadmissible as the courts have identified a range of procedural failures that will be regarded as ‘circumstances likely to make a confession unreliable’.   Any breach of the rules concerning the questioning of suspects will form the basis of a challenge to the admissibility of a confession, even genuine confessions of guilt.   As such, procedural failures concerning the location, timing, duration and recording of an interview will potentially render any confession inadmissible under section 76(2)(b) as will failure to caution.   As research suggests that 10% of police interviews are conducted in breach of PACE requirements, close scrutiny of the behaviour of the police may elicit a basis for the exclusion of a confession if mistakes have been made or liberties taken with the procedural rules.   This also includes situations in which the suspect is offered an inducement such as th e promise of bail in return for a confession.   Care must be taken in asserting such a ground as the basis for the exclusion of a confession as research indicates that such inducements are may be difficult to prove and the courts have taken the view that ‘very few confessions are inspired solely by remorse’ so that other motives such as the desire to be released on bail or the hope of a lighter sentence cannot be used to exclude confessions unless there is clear evidence of misconduct on the part of the police despite evidence that suspects may confess for a variety of reasons other than guilt such as desperation to expedite release to obtain drugs if they are addicts or to protect others. Section 78 confers discretion upon the court to exclude any evidence, including confessions, if reliance upon it would lead to unfairness to the suspect.   Given the emphasis on procedural failures in section 76(2)(b), there is inevitably a fair degree of overlap between these two sections as breaches of PACE as the basis for the exclusion of evidence on the basis of unfairness under section 78.   As such, procedural failures give rise to a dual basis for an attack on the admissiblity of confession evidence.   However, section 78 goes beyond procedural rights and deals with broader issues of fairness so provides a basis upon which an unfairly obtained confession could be rendered inadmissible.   For example, a confession made following a deceptive statement by the police that the suspect’s fingerprints had been found at the scene of the crime was excluded on the basis that it was unfairly obtained although confessions made to other prisoners in a bugged cell were not e xcluded although the practice was heavily criticised by the courts. Both magistrates (in magistrates’ courts) and judges (in Crown courts) have the power to exclude confession evidence as inadmissible on the basis of section 76 and 78.   The question of admissibility of evidence will be determined at a separate hearing to ensure that evidentiary matters are resolved prior to the commencement of the trial.   Section 8A of the Magistrates Court Act 1980 empowers a magistrates’ court to rule on the admissibility of any evidence at a pre-trial hearing if both the prosecution and defence have been given an opportunity to make representations on the issue.   At Crown Court, the matter of admissibility will be resolved by a voire dire, a trial within a trial in the absence of the jury, to determine whether the confession can be relied upon as evidence.   Once the issue of inadmissibility has been raised by the defence, the onus is on the prosecution to establish that the grounds of exclusion under section 76 and 78 are not established.    Overall, a challenge to the admissibility of confessions on the basis of oppression seems to require a high degree of police impropriety thus will rarely be established.   The procedural grounds raised by section 76(2)(b) provide a more viable basis for challenge and, since the incorporation into domestic law of the rights guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights, the emphasis on fairness in section 78, which raises the right to a fair trial guaranteed by Article 6, may also be a sound basis upon which to challenge the admissibility of a confession.   However, it is important to remember that the court may be reluctant to exclude confession evidence, particularly if the procedural breach is insignificant in relation to the severity of the offence thus satisfying the statutory requirements is not a guarantee that the confession will be excluded especially in relation to serious crimes such as rape and murder. Case List R v. Bailey [1993] 3 All ER 513 R v. Crampton (1991) 92 Cr App R 369R v. Fulling [1987] 2 All ER 65R v. Mason [1988] 1 WLR 139R v. Paris, Abdullahi and Miller (1992) 97 Cr App R 99R v. Roberts [1997] 1 Cr App R 217 Bibliography Baldwin, J., ‘Police Interview Techniques: Establishing Truth or Proof?’ (1993) British Journal of Criminology 325 Clarke, C. and Milne, R., (2001) National Evaluation of the PEACE Investigative Interviewing Course, London: Home Office Davies, M., (2005) An Introduction to the Criminal Justice System in England and Wales, Harlow: Longman Publishing Dennis, I., (2002) The Law of Evidence, London: Sweet Maxwell Hunter, M., ‘Judicial Discretion: Section 78 in Practice’ [1994] Criminal Law Review 558 Maguire, M., Morgan, R. and Reiner, R., (2002) Oxford Handbook of Criminology, 3rd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press May, R., ‘Fair Play at Trial: an Interim Assessment of Section 78 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984’ [1988] Criminal Law Review 723 McConville, M., (1993) Corroboration and Confessions: the Impact of a Rule Requiring that No Conviction Can Be Sustained on the Basis of Confession Evidence Alone, London: The Stationery Office Sprack, J., (2004) A Practical Approach to Criminal Procedure, 10th ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press

The Makings of a Good Lawman :: Television Media TV Essays

The Makings of a Good Lawman Gunsmoke is about the violence that moved throughout the west and the united states marshal Matt Dillon along with his sidekick Chester, who moved along solving the crimes and lending a hand to anyone who needed it along the way. The staring cast of Gunsmoke was William Conrad as Matt Dillon, Howard McNear as Doc, Parley Baer as Chester, Georgia Ellis as Kitty. Usually the west is describes as a time in history filled with outlaws, gun fights, ghost towns, wagon journeys along trails, it was a time when people picked up and moved hearing of the next booming city where more gold can be found, more money to be made or the way of life was better than before. In Gunsmoke Matt Dillon is an independent, compassionate, caring, attentive, and determined person. In The Sutler, Matt Dillon it upon himself as he listens to a friend Mr. Jonas speak about a problem he has had with a man named Dale. Matt Dillon goes to the army fort to speak with the Lieutenant in charge about Dale. He is brushed off but persists in making him understand. In Prairie Happy the people of Dodge are getting ready for the Pawnees to attack. Mr. Chooksberry starts a fire and kills two men. Marshal Dillon Speaks with him and still puts him to bed. Chooksberry went to trial due to his daughter speaking on his behalf Chooksberry was a Pawnee. In There was never a Horse Marshal Dillon was backed down in a saloon by Mr. Ken Creed he is purposefully letting everyone know that he made the Marshal back down. Matt Dillons sense of self-reliance is that In Sutler he took it upon himself to gather information and created roadblocks along the route to and from the fort in order to catch Dale. In Prairie Happy Marshal Dillon remained calm while the city of Dodge was moving around trying to protect themselves the Marshal was the only one that thought about it and said that only an Indian would know when they would attack and not leave it so that the City of Dodge knew that they were going to attack. Chooksberry never spoke again in English only in Pawnee and Marshal Dillon was still concerned enough to allow his daughter to go to trial with him ; In There was never a Horse Marshal Matt allows himself to look like a fool no matter what other say.

Old and New Testament Essay

In Mary Shelley’s novel, Frankenstein, the central theme for discussion is the relationship that exists between the creator and that which he is creating. In this particular work, Shelley focuses on a scientist who makes his life’s work out of manipulating molecules to create his own special brand of humanity. In addition to that, the author touches on issues of good and evil in regards to how Dr. Victor Frankenstein develops his own human being. In this work, the relationship between the master and his creation parallels those themes of â€Å"God† and â€Å"human†, which are addressed in the Bible, by providing a commentary on the idea of good and evil. The emotional roller coaster that the creator goes through in Frankenstein is not only poignant, but it also a very important aspect of the story. After assembling the monster, Dr. Frankenstein finds that he does not feel particularly well about his creation and in fact, he even feels a big of horror because of what he has done. The emotions do not stop there, however. The doctor feels a measure of fear over what he has created, simply because it was even more disgusting and vile than what he had set out to put together. Because of all these emotions, with especially fear, Dr. Frankenstein feels the strong desire to remove himself from the creation that had dominated his life. The realization of what he had created was an important moment in Shelley’s novel and it served as an eye-opener for the doctor, who had immersed himself in the situation so deeply that he could not recognize the beast he was creating. In the story, Shelley writes, â€Å"It was on a dreary night of November, that I beheld the accomplishment of my toils. With an anxiety that almost amounted to agony, I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that lay at my feet. It was already one in the morning; the rain pattered dismally against the panes, and my candle was nearly burnt out, when, by the glimmer of the half-extinguished light, I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open; it breathed hard, and a convulsive motion agitated its limbs,† (Ch. 5, 34-35). In this quotation, the raw emotion and horror of Dr. Frankenstein can be seen. He realizes that he has not created a human being, but rather a monstrous beast. Victor Frankenstein is abhorred at his creation, which is the same sort of sentiment that God expressed in the Old Testament of the Bible when looking at his creation. In that part of the Bible, there are strong themes of destruction that always comes to the most wicked of individuals. Throughout the books, there are numerous examples of God being devastated by what he has created, and then wiping them out because of their wickedness. One of the most well known of these stories is the story of Noah and the flood, where God nearly wipes out the entire race except for one man. In this way, similarities exist between Shelley’s example of creator and creation and the examples set forth in the Bible. Shelley presents Victor as a figure who is quite conflicted. Not only is he strangely devastated by his final creation, but he also has some distaste for himself because he has taken on the role normally reserved for God. Just because he seeks to leave the monster and his bad decisions behind does not mean that the monster is willing to leave him alone, though. In the book, the creation seeks out his creator, looking for the type of belonging that exists between a creator and that thing he has created. The development of Victor as a character can be seen in how he handles the monster in this situation. At one point, the monster comes to Victor with hopes that the doctor might create a female companion for him. The doctor chooses, however, not to do this because of what effect creating one monster has had on his life. In a way, it can be said that he has learned his lesson and he wants nothing to do with the idea of playing God anymore. By doing this, Victor had to make a very difficult choice. In the sense of what is said in the Bible, the creator has a certain responsibility to his creations. Victor chooses to forsake those responsibilities for the simple fact that he is tired of a being a creator and playing God. He would rather watch his creation suffer than have to go through the personal torment of creating another being. The complicated dialogue that occurs in the story as told by Victor Frankenstein is his regret in creating the creature, not firstly due to the monster’s murders but initially due to the failure it represents of Frankenstein’s genius. His endeavors to re-create humanity go asunder with the monster’s ‘birth’ –in the comparison of Victor and god, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah is done because God is displeased with humanity despite him making them in his own image; there is too much sin in the cities that the only possible action is to destroy them both. This is the same thought that Victor has in relation to his sinful creation. Victor feels discontent for his decisions for a number of reasons. On one hand, he is ashamed of some of the things that the monster has done. The monster goes out and murders people, causing widespread destruction and pain for many individuals. In some way, Victor feels responsible for this because he created the monster and because he refused to help the monster. In addition, Victor is not content with the fact that he failed miserably in his quest to play God and create the perfect human being. Since the monster is so flawed in so many ways, he is a living, breathing embodiment of the failure that Victor has to put up with each and every day. A Biblical correlation can be drawn in this, as well. In the Bible, God destroys the town of Sodom and Gomorrah because of what it had become. Like Victor, God attempted to create people in his own image, giving them what he thought was the ability to do good. When the town was overrun by gambling, prostitution, and other sin, God had to destroy it in order to preserve humanity. The doctor has the same desire to destroy what the monster has become. In the book, Shelley writes, â€Å"The world was to [him] a secret which [he] desired to divine. Curiosity, earnest research to learn the hidden laws of nature, gladness akin to rapture, as they were unfolded to [him], are among the earliest sensations [he] can remember . . . It was the secrets of heaven and earth that [he] desired to learn; and whether it was the outward substance of things or the inner spirit of nature and the mysterious soul of man that occupied [him], still [his] inquiries were directed to the metaphysical, or in it highest sense, the physical secrets of the world,† (Ch. 2, 18). This quote explains the doctor’s desire to get it right. He did not set out to create a destructive monster, so when that came out as the result, he had an obvious amount of resentment towards his creation. Similarly, God perceives the cities to be nothing but a disgusting waste of his creative power. He sees not the beauty that he hoped to create, but the most vile, disgusting place on earth. Likewise, Victor sees the same sort of disgusting nature in his beast. Victor states in the story, â€Å"†[a] flash of lightning illuminated the object and discovered its shape plainly to me; its gigantic stature, and the deformity of its aspect, more hideous than belongs to humanity, instantly informed me that it was the wretch, the filthy demon to whom [he] had given life. † Victor goes so far as to even give his creation a Satanic moniker, showing the absolute disgust that he has for the beast. This is a clear correlation with the Biblical reference that was presented above. One of the most important parts of the book comes when the monster makes his journey from Ingolstadt to Geneva. Though the monster has great disdain for his relationship with his creator, he is actually free to discover, on his own, ideas about humanity. In this, one can compare the monster to Adam and Eve following their removal from the Garden of Eden. Like those two, the monster is thrown out on his own and he is forced to make his own way. This also causes him a great deal of disgust for his creator, similar to how human beings have disdain for their creator at times. The monster holds these strong feelings of cynicism almost to the end and he applies them to almost every situation in his life. He seeks revenge against Victor because he feels abandoned. In the work, Shelley writes, â€Å", â€Å"‘All men hate the wretched; how then, must I be hated, who am miserable beyond all living things! Yet you, my creator, detest and spurn me, the creature, to whom thou art bound by ties only dissoluble by the annihilation of one of us,'† (Shelley 68). The monster’s revenge causes him to murder Victor’s brother, William. This is the beginning of the absolute hate that exists between Victor and the monster and this powers the action in the book almost exclusively. When the monster turns his disdain into rage and begins to murder everyone close to Victor, he makes the creator hate his creation even more. Victor struggles with this idea, though, as he puts much of the blame on himself since he gave life and power to the monster that now haunts him. As the story progresses, Victor realizes that the only chance he has to give his creation redemption is to remove himself from the earth. His death ultimate allows the monster to serve a different purpose than simply seeking out Victor for revenge. Over the course of the book, Victor’s goal had not been to look after the well being of his creation, but rather to continue his role of playing God. Eventually, he comes to see that his death is the only thing that will give the monster an opportunity. Shelley’s book closes with strong themes of redemption, which are represented in the death of Victor and in the idea that the monster can go on. Victor provides the ultimate abandonment by leaving the earth, but in this act, he is doing a measure of good. The entire book is filled with things that can be linked to the Bible and nowhere is this more evident than in the end. In the Bible, God sacrificed his son to give human beings a chance at redemption. In Shelley’s work, Victor has to sacrifice himself in order to save his creation. It was the ultimate act between a creator and his subject and one that closes the book on the story and its relationship with the Bible. MLA Works Cited: Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. New York. Dover Publications, Inc. – 1994

phlosophy in the matrix essays

phlosophy in the matrix essays On 1999, the weekend before Easter (purpose or no?) the matrix hit movie lovers by surprise. Similar to the star wars culture it started cult viewers into questioning and even believing the story. This film from start to finish comes on strong, promising to give viewers insight on a science fiction world that so narrowly resembles ours. This has brought close examination of this film and its messages, and is the outcome that I hope to derive from my study; the different levels of interpretation of the matrix. Firstly what does the word matrix mean? The above states quite clearly that it basically means a womb. But this simple 6 letter word has somewhat became twisted around the films plot by the Wachowski brothers to mean something on an a lot more 3 dimensionally spiritual level. The backbone of this film relies a lot on the simple question of what is the matrix. This phrase only becomes technologically explained leaving you, on a personal level to subconsciously debate the question. This brings the film into a different light. One that so similarly resembles reality, which puts unstable minds and those who rely on movies to provide a safe haven from the harmful natures of reality, into questioning the probability that are we living in a matrix. This fear, brought on the eve of the new millennium, was cantered around the already present technological fear of A.I. Acting on the moral panic that A.I. has been progressively inducing. It states that some day humanity will be surpassed and replaced as top proprietors on earth by its own creations: machines. I can visualize a time in the future when we will be to robots what dogs are to humans This naturally gives the film controversial appeal acting on an existing panic and achieves an already naive audience base, which may relate or find this story believable or forthcoming. Examples of this were cre...

Population Figures for the Dynasties of Ancient China

Population Figures for the Dynasties of Ancient China As of 2016, the population of China was 1.38 billion people. That phenomenal number is matched by enormous early population figures. Censuses were taken as a rule by ancient rulers beginning in the Zhou Dynasty, but what the rulers were counting is somewhat in doubt. Some censuses refer to the number of persons as mouths and the number of households as doors. But, conflicting figures are given for the same dates and its possible that the numbers refer not to the total population, but taxpayers, or people who were available for either military or corvee labor duties. By the Qing Dynasty, the government was using a ting or tax unit to count in the census, which is based on a head count of population and more on the ability of the population to support the elites. Xia Dynasty 2070–1600 BCE The Xia dynasty is the first known dynasty in China, but even its existence is doubted by some scholars in China and elsewhere. The first census was said by Han dynasty historians to have been taken by Yu the Great in about 2000 BCE, with a total of 13,553,923 people or possibly households. Further, the figures are likely Han Dynasty propaganda Shang Dynasty 1600–1100 BCE No surviving censuses. Zhou Dynasty 1027–221 BCE Censuses became normal instruments of public administration, and several rulers ordered them at regular intervals, but the statistics are somewhat in doubt 1000 BCE: 13,714,923 persons680 BCE: 11,841,923 persons Qin Dynasty 221–206 BCE The Qin Dynasty was the first time China was unified under a centralized government. With the ending of wars, iron implements, farming techniques, and irrigation were developed. No surviving censuses. Han Dynasty 206 BCE–220 CE About the turn of the Common Era, population censuses in China became statistically useful for the entire united mainland. By 2 CE, censuses were taken and recorded on occasion. Western Han 2 CE: persons per household: 4.9Eastern Han 57–156 CE, persons per household: 4.9–5.82 CE: 59,594,978 persons, 12,233,062 households156 CE: 56,486,856 persons, 10,677,960 households Six Dynasties (Period of Disunity) 220–589 CE Liu Sung State, 464 CE, 5.3 million persons, 900,000 households Sui Dynasty 581–618 CE 606 CE: persons per household 5.2, 46,019,956 persons, 8,907,536 households Tang Dynasty 618–907 CE 634–643 CE: 12,000,000 persons, 2,992,779 households707–755 CE: persons per household 5.7-6.0754 CE: 52,880,488 persons, 7,662,800 tax payers755 CE: 52,919,309 persons, 8,208,321 tax payers845 CE: 4,955,151 households Five Dynasties 907–960 CE After the fall of the Tang dynasty, China was split into several states and consistent population data for the entire county is not available. Song Dynasty 960–1279 CE 1006–1223 CE: persons per household 1.4-2.61006 CE: 15,280,254 persons, 7,417,507 households1063 CE: 26,421,651 persons, 12,462,310 households1103 CE: 45,981,845 persons, 20,524,065 households1160 CE: 19,229,008 persons, 11,575,753 households1223 CE: 28,320,085 persons, 12,670,801 households Yuan Dynasty 1271–1368 CE 1290-1292 CE: persons per household 4.5-4.61290 CE: 58,834,711 persons, 13,196,206 households1330 CE: 13,400,699 households Ming Dynasty 1368–1644 CE 1381–1626 CE: persons per household 4.8-7.11381 CE: 59,873305 persons, 10,654,362 households1450 CE: 53,403,954 persons, 9,588,234 households1520 CE: 60,606,220 persons, 9,399,979 households1620–1626 CE: 51,655,459 persons, 9,835,416 households Qing Dynasty 1655–1911 CE In 1740, the Qing dynasty emperor ordered that population statistics be compiled annually, a system known as pao-chia, which required each household to keep a tablet by their door with a list of all the members of the household. Later those tablets were kept in regional offices. 1751 CE: 207 million persons1781 CE: 270 million persons1791 CE: 294 million persons1811 CE: 347 million persons1821 CE: 344 million persons1831 CE: 383 million persons1841 CE: 400 million persons1851 CE: 417 million persons Sources Duan C-Q, Gan X-C, Jeanny W, and Chien PK. 1998. Relocation of Civilization Centers in Ancient China: Environmental Factors. Ambio 27(7):572-575.Durand JD. 1960. The Population Statistics of China, A.D. 2-1953. Population Studies 13(3):209-256.

Critical Thinking Exposition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critical Thinking Exposition - Essay Example Critical Thinking Exposition Essay Another viewpoint is that of Deshler who saw it as a form of thinking that welcomes change. Although the above definitions vary depending on the scholar’s orientation, in much more simple terms it can be conceptualized as a deliberate, self-disciplined and self-guided thinking process which encourages quality reasoning at the highest possible level. Critical thinking is a process that should have many definitions because it has multiple dimensions and aspects that characterize its nature as demonstrated by Brookfield. There is no doubt that it is a higher cognitive skill that drives people to use reason to overcome their environment. Admittedly, critical thinking is not automatic and because it is a deliberate effort to diminish the propensity for shallow thought that feeds the ego. Therefore, individuals who are critical thinkers are extremely self disciplined in the use of intellectual tools developed by scholars, researchers and theorists. They use these tools to adapt, alter and apply concepts and principles that guide their actions and which form their beliefs. Critical thinking is extremely self-reflective in its discipline because people are not perfect and they often fall prey to irrational thought, self interest, biases, prejudice and distortions. Therefore, in agreement with Brookfield, it involves defining assumptions and challenging any flaws and gaps in knowledge.

Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Auditing - Essay Example The alternative adopted by the audit assistant is the information related to the Club casino has been carefully removed as far as its referencing is concerned. On the other hand, provision for safeguarding the information of the organization may be created against the leakage of information either by the professional or any employee associated with the company.1 ii) The duties of the company secretary cannot be performed by the engagement partner of Ace Limited audit because the engagement partner is not well versed with the work performed by the company secretary of the company. Moreover, the engagement partner is already assigned the tedious task of audit reporting, maintaining relation with the client. However, an engagement partner can be linked to other companies, so the laws that the company abides by should not be disclosed to an external individual as this may violate the law of confidentiality. As an alternative course of action to this violation the company should safeguard itself by appointing any close member from the company itself, like the internal auditor of the company. This way less chances will be there for the internal information of the company to leak out.2 i) Slipway Limited is in a situation where the company is facing constant decline for the past two years and the scope of cost cutting also seems difficult due to the purchase of imported machineries. These machineries were purchased so as to increase falling operations by carrying out the operations of the company more effectively. The bank providing loans to the company may be at whelm of an audit risk, whereby the documents of the company have every possibility of being overstated than the actual financial statements of the company. The audit risk particularly affects the transaction in the financial statement of accounts which portrays wrong information about the current financial position of the organization. However, the three

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Literature Review - Essay Example Kennedy (2008) however argues that the overall interests of the transsexual children are ignored by both the schools as well as the families besides department of children is also paying attention to them. (KENNEDY). This argument is therefore in conformity with the arguments of Dewey who claim that transsexual children internalize different environments on their own and plan their strategies in a manner that allow them to comply with the changing conditions besides allowing them to deal with their future medical conditions. The synthesis of both of these articles therefore would suggest that though the transsexual children are ignored by their families, schools and even the department of children, however, they have the capability to develop their own internal images of how to deal with the different difficult and easier situations. This development therefore contributes towards the achievement of their necessary survival within the society. Menvielle (2009) also argues on the role of families in helping their children to learn to cope with the reality of transsexuality and whether a child is helped to make a transition to genders from the stage of puberty is discussed. (Menvielle). Menwielle however provides a description of how families can be taught and trained to deal with the challenging situation of dealing with their children and helping them to make a transition. This argument therefore inherently points out towards the fact that existing family system and values may be insufficient in providing deliberate support to such children to face the difficult situations in life and make successful transitiona and go through various developmental stages easily. What is significant however, about the arguments of all three arguments is the fact that Kenney provides evidence regarding the role of schools and families in helping their children to better cope with the reality. Menvielle therefore provides further evidence as to how the

Wine Shopper Essay Example for Free

Wine Shopper Essay In the early days of the Web, wine retailing looked like it could be very successful Internet business. Annual wine sales today in the United States run about $17 billion and worldwide about $100 billion. Some analysts have predicted that Internet sales could reach five-to-ten per cent of that market by 2005. In January 1995, a master sommelier named Peter Granoff partnered with computer expert Robert Olson to launch Virtual Vineyards, the first company to sell wine over website. Their goal was to give wine shoppers direct access to limited-production wines that are often available through most wine retail superstores. They focused on boutique wines for those who really cared about wines rather than marketing to occasional or new wine drinkers. They offered wines from the finest wineries, and screened them for quality. Their strategy was to expand slowly, working with wholesalers and retailers to enable them to sell wines eventually in many states. Virtual Vineyards provided additional value by offering information to educate buyers about each label for sale as well as Granoff’s testing chart and personal guarantee of each wine quality. The company obtained $20 million in funding. However, Virtual Vineyards had no licenses to make sales legally, so it paid high handling fees to wholesalers and retailers who acted as its fulfilment agents. The company had trouble aggregating orders in a meaningful way and had big empty trucks shipping orders all over the country. It also became embroiled in legal court battles because of its lack of licenses in some states. These high operating costs were passed on to consumers, and the company never attracted enough customers to become profitable. Virtual Vineyards initially looked like such a promising business that it inspired other competitors, including WineShopper, Wine. com, and eVineyard. Every new site serving the US had to address the 70year old and very convoluted three-tiered liquor and wine distribution system. When the 21st amendment ended Prohibition in the US in 1933, control over production, distribution, and sale of alcoholic beverages was left to the individual states. They independently developed or followed a three-tiered system for wine. The first tier is suppliers to each state (the producers and importers). Suppliers can only sell to the second tier, wholesalers, which in turn can only distribute to retailers, the third tier. Retailers, including bars, restaurants, hotels and liquor stores, are the only ones who legally can sell to the public. The system differs between each state, sometimes dramatically. Today 13 states prohibit direct interstate shipping of wine even to its own citizens who are outside their home state. The remaining states regulate importing and require permits. Some states allow wine sales in grocery stores, while others allow sales only in state-operated stores or in private liquor stores. Some prevent sales on certain holidays. Some states limit the amount an individual can purchase within any month or year. Several now prohibit sales via the Internet. Thus, each of the fifty states has its own laws and regulations governing the production, sale, distribution and delivery of wine as well as for tax collection from all three tiers. To control this, every state requires every company to have a state license for each of the three levels that company operates in. These intricate and arcane sets of laws were developed for bricks-and-mortar sales, not for the Internet. Copyright  © 2011 by SYSCON Page 2 Crack Case Those selling wines on the Internet have two choices-either work through bricks-and-mortar companies, paying all three levels a fee for each sale, a costly alternative, or develop their own computer systems to obtain their own licenses and maintain full compliance with all state laws and regulations. Such a system must support laws governing alcohol supplying, sales, distribution, and delivery in each state, linking and fully integrating the producers, wholesalers, and retailers-a very complicated requirement. Moreover, to develop one’s own system today, a company must use computers to maintain adequate legal and tax records for every tier in every state in which it operates. Other non-computer problems faced by Web-based wine sales include age verification. The purchaser or delivery recipient has to be age 21 or older, which means that someone of age has to be home to receive any delivery. Large numbers of consumers might use Wine sites to learn about and experiment with new wines, and if they like any, locate less expensive ways to purchase them. Given the legal complexities of wine retailing, orders could easily take weeks to be processed and delivered. One company that opted to build its own system to obtain its own licenses and control its own sales was WineShopper. com, founded in 1997 by Peter Sisson. He raised $46 million in venture capital from several investors including Amazon. com. He also had the support of Wine Spirits Wholesalers of America, a trade organization, and so he decided to sell exclusively from listings in the wholesalers’ databases. The wholesalers set the price. These wholesalers are not necessarily cheaper than specialty shops, but they claim they can deliver any bottle from anywhere in the world. The company’s goals were to sell any wine available to anyone, offering customers satisfaction and convenience. Sisson said he would be making products accessible in areas where they are not currently available, listing all wines available from all US wholesalers’ catalogues. (Over 250 wholesalers from 47 states, plus 550 wine producers, had already agreed to work with WineShopper). He decided to provide information and independent expertise on wine from such sources as Wine Spectator, Food Wine, and The Connoisseurs’ Guide to California Wine. He wanted his site to become the first destination for consumers seeking wine information on product. His plan included a distribution network that followed the three-tier system, and it would have its computer environment support the complex needs of the state laws and regulations. The WineShopper. com website was designed to look the same to customers from any location in the US while maintaining a separate computer backend system for each state where it executed a transaction. To support the unique legal requirements of each state, WineShopper used a massive database mapping mechanism that was capable of handling and codifying all of the laws in such a way that it could be mapped to a nine digit zip code based on shipping address. The laws are very complex and go way beyond just the state level. Even country and city laws within states can come into play, notes Dennis Riley, WineShopper’s director of information systems. The whole WineShopper system ran on Sun hardware and partially on Sun software, and it even included wide use of Sun’s Java programming language. Copyright  © 2011 by SYSCON Page 3 Crack Case WineShopper. com used a three-tiered IT infrastructure consisting of a front end of Web Servers, a middle layer of application servers, and backend database servers. The Web Servers directed order transactions placed by users over the Internet to the application servers running various applications, including an e-commerce storefront application cluster and an enterprise resource planning (ERP) application cluster. These application servers communicated with database servers. The ERP application cluster sent the order to the warehouse for fulfilment. To store all the data for so many different business rules and state regulations, WineShopper used Oracle databases and almost 1 terabyte of storage. The company maintained a separate database for the current inventory within each state as well as files for the prices in each state. The system was load balanced to maximize response time for WineShopper’s customers. The company had redundant backup systems to prevent any service interruption. The system was also designed for easy expansion when needed. â€Å"One of our biggest expenditures has been in multimillion –dollar technical development of compliance engines,† explained Suzanne Gannon, the director of public relations and corporate communications for WineShopper. The company was geographically distributed, with the production environment and main data center in Sunnyvale, California, the development and integration environment in San Francisco, and the warehouse in Napa, California, in the heart of California’s wine country. In addition to the challenge of handling unique state laws, the WineShopper.com system has trouble dealing with the legacy systems for inventory and products in distribution used by its wholesalers. The various wine wholesalers use different systems with different SKUs (stock-keeping unit identification numbers for items) so that there was no uniform costing structure that could be used by WineShopper and its distributors. WineShopper tried to develop a coding system to eliminate data inconsistencies and provide a single standard view of data concerning products in distribution Sun claimed that this convoluted three-tiered system was the most complicated Web site it had ever seen. WineShopper. com experienced many delays in going live and in expanding because of software problems, although it finally went live in California in April 2000 and in New York in July. By midAugust the site was also operating for Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Missouri, and Wisconsin, and it had achieved regulatory approval in over 30 states. Its goal was to have a system running in the states that reached 70% of the US market by the December holiday season. However the company took long to go live, blaming its problem on software. It was spending so much money that in August 2000 it merged with Wine. com. Wine. com has been founded in 1995. It targeted knowledgeable wine drinkers who had both money and good credit records. It kept itself small, selling high-end wines, and focusing on the convenience of delivering wines rather than on offering the lowest price. However, it changed its target over time because of the growing competition from WineShopper with its high spending. Wine. com felt pushed to spend a lot of money and hire a large staff. In September 1999, with no money left, Virtual Vineyards purchased Wine. com’s name and domain name and changed it to Wine. com. The new Wine.com emphasized customer satisfaction and reliable delivery. By early 2000, this company had received another $92 million in investments. Copyright  © 2011 by SYSCON Page 4 Crack Case In early 2000, WineShopper and Wine. com were in stiff competition, spending a lot of money. In August 2000, they decided to end the competition and reduce the expenditures by merging. â€Å"We have very complementary strengths and assets and realized we could focus our resources on growing the wine market instead of fighting each other,† explained Sisson. â€Å"The new company used the Wine. com name and Web address. The two companies continued separate operations until the end of 2000, giving them time to merge their computer systems and concentrate on developing their Wine. com name. They estimated they were offering about 2000 wines, domestic and foreign, including both well-known and boutique wines as well as about 1000 old and rare wines. The company closed a key office in Fermont, California, and consolidated operations in Napa. The new website contained a great deal of wine information, including editorials, ratings and tasting notes from Wine Spectator. The new Wine. com was now considered the dominant force in the Internet wine business. In January 2001, Wine. com laid off 75 of its 310 employees, claiming the cuts reduced staff redundancy because of the merger. At that time, according to Granoff, sales were up 300 % in 2000, and they were selling in 40 states. In 1998, eVineyard was established with only $20 million of private equity. Its strategy was different; buy wine only when a customer ordered it, giving eVineyard only a virtual inventory. It ordered its goods from wholesalers, shipping them to customers either from its Portland, Oregon office or from small logistics centres established in states that required a physical location. Its strategy also included expanding one state at a time, obtaining retail licenses in each state. This process was often very slow; for example it took 10 months in New York. In some states such as New Jersey, the company could only obtain a license by purchasing an existing one. It was only able to sell the wines that its regional distributors handled. According to Brett Lauter, eVineyard’s chief marketing officer, the company served 77% of the premium wine drinking market when it was only operating in 27 states. In 2000, he estimated the company grew 1000% from its previous year and was selling now between $5million and $10 million annually. Lauter estimated that his competitor Wine. com was probably spending over $2million each month to stay in business. â€Å"It takes a lot of wine sales to make up for that burn rate,† he observed. In April 2001, Wine. com official announced the company might file for bankruptcy protection, and it announced a layoff of 160 of the remaining 235 employees, including Granoff and Sisson. eVineyard purchased Wine. com for $9 million, taking only its domain name and customer list. It did not assume any Wine. com’s $17 million debt, and it did not retain any of Wine. com’s 85 remaining employees. This left eVineyard (now called Wine. com) as the only major company in the Web-based wine retail business. Several industry analysts noted that while the others believed they could change the whole wine distribution system, eVineyard (now Wine. com) kept its cost low. â€Å"We didn’t spend money like drunken sailors,† said Michael Osborn, the founder and president of eVineyard. †We’re a retailer. Fundamental business principles apply. † Wine.com had over 400 employees, while we have 60 employees. They raised Copyright  © 2011 by SYSCON Page 5 Crack Case $200 million in venture capital, while we raised $35 million†. eVineyard also retained its own distribution system. Today, the whole wine market has changed, and Web-based wine merchants or entrepreneurs are facing other problems. Most of the money invested in wine Web sites was lost in the 2000-2002 stock market crash, and new dot-com investments will be difficult to find. Moreover, a number of Sonoma and Napa wineries are selling their own wines through their own internet sites. New e-commerce technology make selling wine on the Web more profitable than selling through traditional wholesaler-distribution channel. An online shopping cart appropriate for wine retailing, which used to cost $50000 to set up, now costs only about $1000. What will the future hold for Internet wine retailers? The Case questions you need to necessarily answer: ? Do you think WineShopper. coms business model was a difficult model to work with, and why? What management, organization, and technology issues contributed to this companys failure How important to eVineyards success to-date were the timing, management and strategy? How important was the role of technology? In your opinion, why was eVineyard the eventual winner in the race for online wine sales? ? Considering the factors that contributed to the success and failures of online wine retailing in the US, do you think wine retailing can succeed on Internet in current Indian scenario? Note: Please make reasonable assumptions wherever necessary. No clarifications will be provided. State any assumptions you make in the Case solution.

Racial Inequality in the Criminal Justice System

Racial Inequality in the Criminal Justice System There is a recurrent pattern that involves law enforcement agencies and the African American communities that is questioning the police conduct, especially because of the recent shootings in Ferguson and New York City. One cant rationally discuss the issues of race within the criminal justice system without looking back at history and why the issue of race is not diminishing. The United States has an infamous history of slavery, the Jim Crow laws, and many other racially based inequalities that make it apparent that race does play an important factor in many parts of the criminal just system. The purpose of this paper is to recognize what role race and media play within the criminal justice system. This paper will discuss the history of African Americans within the justice system and whether racial biases exist and if racial neutrality is even achievable. A study of race and the criminal justice system is incomplete without acknowledging the way slavery and its abolition played into the relationship. Based on author Chaney and Robertson’s article titled Can We All Get Along?† even when the slaves were legally freed, their individual, ancestral, and shared status in society remained extremely weak. The authors also state that whites created the black codes, which were laws, statues, and rules, which allowed members of this group to reclaim control over the freed slaves, and uphold white supremacy, and safeguard the continued supply of cheap labor (Chaney Robertson, 2014). Some of these codes of behaviors included; vagrancy, absenteeism from work, violation of job contracts, the possession of firearms, and insulting gestures or acts. Such acts were common at the time making these laws unguarded to interpretation and easy manipulation, which meant that black people became easily targeted and punished (Chaney Robertson,   2014). While the Thirteenth Amendment passed the constitutional principle of convict leasing began. It was meant to abolish slavery and involuntary confinement however it was permitted as a form of punishment for a crime. Therefore, many blacks in the south went from being slaves to criminals, whose freedom was quickly and legally taken away by the same constitutional amendment that was believed to have protected that freedom. The number of confined blacks increased, and so did the common belief of black criminality (Slavery in the United States). The racial separation of America’s criminal justice system had begun. Furthermore, the 1950s and ‘60s were a time of great social eruption and change. Millions gathered together to fight for racial equality and justice at a time when there were almost little of both (Johnson, 2014). The times produced notable leaders of change like Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. These two exceptional leaders, with a vision of change, alongside the aid of millions of others, motivated the charge in demanding American principles of racism, discrimination, and segregation to come under question and challenge. Author Michelle Alexander argues in â€Å"The New Jim Crow† (2011) that racist white interests began a call for a disciplinary crackdown on crime that was easily linked to the Civil Rights Movement. Riots and the social distress following Martin Luther King Jr.’s murder intensified this effect, and â€Å"the racial imagery associated with, gave fuel to the argument that civil rights for African Americans led to widespread crime† (Alexander,  2011) The riots and public disorder epidemic during these times were often the result of police brutality, a fact confirmed by the findings of the National Commission on Civil Disorders, but those wanting to dishonor the Civil Rights Movement gave slight credit to such accusations and dismissed them most of the time (Weaver, 2007). According to author Weaver, it is at this time that so-called â€Å"frontlash† empowers the elites to form new systems that whereas on the outside seem irrelevant in upholding the status q uo, however, work together to continue it cunningly. It is in this era the United States would find its early foundation and strategy used in the criminal justice system, as the basis to control African Americans, that race which is an undeniable proof does matter in the criminal justice system. The1980’s and the war on drugs didn’t help the race inequality within the criminal justice system but hurt it even more. Although both blacks and whites use cocaine, one form received a much harsher sentence of punishment. The harsher sentence was for crack cocaine, which was used mainly by blacks (Provine, 2011). This was a huge discrepancy in the sentencing guidelines. Furthermore, the role of the media surrounding race disparity didn’t help lesson but heightened it even more. According to author Trujillo (2012) the newspapers and magazines all reported that this was an epidemic similar to a plaque on the society. Additionally, author Alexander (2010) states that the articles played up the racial stereotypes and fixated on racial cartoons such as â€Å"the black crack whore and gangbanger.† Although President Obama did sign the Fair Sentencing Act in 2010 that lessened the crack/powder sentencing disparity, some may blame crack as the assumed link to cri me and violence as the reason for the sentencing disparities between the two (whitehouse.gov). The media also hurt the viewpoint of the society towards blacks and gave a face to the drug war’s number one enemy the black crack users and the sellers. However, it was and is law enforcement officers who pursue and arrest the criminals who are prosecuted under disciplinary drug legislation. Thus racial profiling became acceptable and widespread under the pretext of the drug war, which plays a huge role in the racial disparities that have defined the criminal justice system for years. This idea of black criminality is reproduced and perpetuated by the mass media in order to get ratings. Studies of news coverage have emphasized the criminal tenor of news reports highlighting African Americans. Media often depict African-American men and boys, as criminals, crime victims and predators. These stereotypes, according to social justice supporters, can generate a racially charged atmosphere that results in violence such as the shooting death of teenager Michal Brown (Sanders, 2012). Therefore, when the media portrays blacks and especially black men as criminal or violent, it can further strengthen the already negative views that the public holds about them. Just because blacks are arrested more for a particular crime does not inevitably mean that they actually commit that crime regularly. Rather, it could be biased police methods that lead to more arrests of blacks than of whites, and actual criminality may have little to do with it. In conclusion, Americans like to uphold values of equality and justice for all, however, until the criminal justice system is truly equal not based on race or ethnicity, equality, and justice will not be achieved. As long as African Americans fear police officers and as long as imprisonment is an ordinary life encounter for many of them, equality and justice are not feasible. As long as racial profiling is allowed as a suitable form of law enforcement, equality and justice are not possible. Change may not come effortlessly and may come slowly, but it is achievable. Until the whole society sees each other as an equal, there will be no justice in the criminal justice system. References Chaney, c., Robertson, r. v. (2014). Can We All Get Along? Blacks Historical and Contemporary (In) Justice With Law Enforcement. Western Journal Of Black Studies, 38(2), 108-122. Slavery in the United States | Academic Room. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.academicroom.com/topics/slavery-united-stateshttp://www.academicroom.com/topics/slavery-united-states Russell, K. K. (1998). The Color of Crime : Racial Hoaxes, White Fear, Black Protectionism, Police Harassment, and Other Macroaggressions. New York: New York University Press Johnson, P. M. (2014). Reinterpretations of Freedom and Emancipation, Civil Rights and Assimilation, and the Continued Struggle for Social and Political Change. Western Journal Of Black Studies, 38(3), 184-194 Alexander,M. (2011). The new Jim Crow. Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law, 9(1), 7-26.Retrieved from www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic Weaver, V. M. (2007). Frontlash: Race and the development of punitive crime policy. Studies in American Political Development, 21(2), 230-265. Retrieved March 24 2015, from http://www.ebonterr.com/site_editor/assets/EBONTERR_41.pdf Provine,D. (2011). Race and inequality in the war on drugs. Annual Review of Law Social Science, 7, 41-65. Trujillo,J. (2012). Media laugh off criticism of drug war. Extra!, 25(12), 6-7. President Obama Signs the Fair Sentencing Act | The White House. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2010/08/03/president-obama-signs-fair-sentencing-act Sanders, J, (2012). Media Portrayals of Black Youths Contribute to Racial Tension | The Maynard Institute for Journalism Education. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://mije.org/mmcsi/general/media’s-portrayal-black-youths-contributes-racial-tension

Film Essays - Comparison of the Movie, Life is Beautiful and the Bible

A Comparison of the Film, Life is Beautiful and the Bible Many elements of the film Life is Beautiful can compare to the Bible. For example, Guido, the main character, acts as a Christ figure in that he saves his son, Joshua from the evils of the Holocaust. Another example that compares with the Bible is the tank that is promised to Joshua. Finally, Guido’s death eventually saves Joshua from his own death. Such examples in the movie are comparable to examples in the Bible. In the film, Guido is a Christ figure to his son. During their imprisonment in the concentration camp, Guido explains things to his son in a way that shelters his son from the reality of what is happening. Guido loves his son and he protects his son from being hurt, even if doing so involved breaking rules and getting in trouble himself. In such a way did Jesus Christ love his followers. Jesus suffered to protect His people. Jesus loved his followers and was not selfish toward them. He always did what was right for the well being of His people, even when it was considered wrong or unla...

My Precious Place

The place can be their house, school, or an amusement park. Everyone has a different special place with different feelings. My precious place Is a hill. The hill is located In Hondo where Is a small town In Japan. I have several reasons why It Is an Important place for me: view, atmosphere, and memory. The hill Is surrounded by many nature, so I can see many trees, bushes, and the ground. They are beautiful green, but they have different greens.Some of them are pep green, and some of them are light green. From the hill, I can see the whole town of Hondo. In addition, this hill is located in the countryside, so there are always not many people. That is why, the hill is quiet. When I close my eyes, I can hear the bards singing. Moreover, I can hear cars sound which comes from far away but not so many. When a car through near hill, the sound become gradually louder, and when the car go away, the sound become gradually smaller. The sound is like ocean waves.If I hear the sound at deferen t place, I Just think car sound. However, hill's quiet atmosphere and the birds singing make the sound ocean wave to me. Finally, I have an unforgettable memory on the hill. When I go the hill for the first time, I went there with my friend whose I loved. I wanted to make a memory with him before I go to the united States, so I asked him to hang out. I thought it was the last time to meet him. The end of the date, he took me to the hill. The way to go there, we rode a bicycle together.When we arrived there, we could see a brilliant night view, and he said he loved me. The memory and the place are really important between my boyfriend and me. In conclusion, a hill is a precious place for me because there is beautiful green view, relaxing atmosphere, and it reminds me my best moment of my life. Nowadays, Japanese people are trying to make the countryside to the city, so nature is getting smaller. Because of that, the view is changing, but I hope the view from a thin hill never change.

Describe the marriage of Paulina and Gerardo

Gerard asserts his eminence in his relationship with Pauline; he believes his persuasive words will always have its desired effect on Paling's actions. ‘Of course I'm going to listen to you. Haven't I always listened to you? And he is surprised when she doesn't listen. ‘You believe too much in your own powers of persuasion'. He is very manipulative, such as in the beginning of the play in which he is unsatisfied with the response he received, he continues to convince Pauline until he gets the answer he wanted, also going behind her back.He acted as though he genuinely cared about her opinion in the matter of his position on he committee when in reality, he had already accepted. Yes. Told him I'd do it. Yes. Before asking you. ‘. He also appears to be a lair and doesn't seem to understand women as well as he likes. Pauline is a suspicious wife, knowing that Gerard did it once, he could very well do it again and with that, she insinuates his infidelity numerous times before outright managing to get him to confess to it.Though despite that, they are still married and do love each other, her going as far as protecting Gerard while she was being tortured but not saying anything about him. They make sacrifices for each other as ell. How does the play. Inherit use details of the setting and atmosphere to illustrate the mood of the play? They are in a small beach house with a balcony and are able to hear the ocean. It also sounds secluded which isolates the scene. They use moonlight to light some specific part of the scene which omits everything else and has us focusing on one particular part which might bring a mood.The atmosphere shifts constantly with Pauline sort of falling in and out of sanity creating a particularly dramatic mood to the play, pulling you to keep reading to figure out what she does next. When Reboot's atmosphere shows a sort of irritants and confusion it has you wondering whether he really is innocent. The last scene too, with th e mirror having it reflect back at you leaves you to really take a good look at yourself and have you think hard about the events of the play having you fill out the gaps in which the author left ambiguous.Assess Paling's actions. Why does she react precisely in the way that she does? Paling's actions were premeditated and brave bordering on the edge Of crazy. She has been deeply traumatized by her past which leads to her paranoia and personal vendetta that she has laced upon Roberto. Pauline acts precisely in the way that she does because for fifteen years she has been haunted by her rape and torture which leaves her in an unstable state of mind which had finally cotton the best of her when the man she claims to be one of her captors show up on her doorstep.What would be Justice Pauline? Feel that for Pauline to find her justice would be for the people who have traumatized her to admit what they have done and be punished for it. Her idea to first retaliate in the same fashion (to r ape him with a broomstick and torture him) would not make her forgive him. It would satisfy her for the time being but not fully. For her to have justice would be to have the torturers confess in a hand written confession. Her new idea to have the letter written seems to satisfy her in a way that she would feel justice.The written letter is also a good idea to convince herself that she is correct in the way that Roberto is actually the Doctor who assisted in her torture. I also believe by her taking the law into her own hands, she has been able to gather the kind of answers only she could be searching for. What problems does an author face in dramatist's torture? How does Doorman achieve this? When traumatizing torture, the problem quite possibly the rate at which you reveal it.Doorman achieved the perfect amount of torture by hinting bits and pieces to get you thinking and then finally reeling us in with the entire story and his ability to constantly shift the balance of sympathy b etween the oppressed and the oppressor. What role do sexuality and sexual/gender roles play in the drama? There are a multitude of examples that suggest sexist views from the male characters. Both Gerard and Miranda speak of women as confusing pieces that are completely inhuman and act as though it is a shared knowledge between them.Gerard appears to have a dominant role over Pauline, acting manipulative toward her and believing he has a higher power over her. Many times he is heard stating that Pauline would make the meal expecting that she will do it because he knows she will. ‘Not another word. Pauline will be delighted. You'll see the breakfast she'll make for us. ‘ In this example he also assumes that Pauline will automatically be delighted with a random guest despite how she acts when an unfamiliar car turns up at her souse. ‘Of the two things you never share, my friend, one is your toothbrush. What is the significance of the setting for this play? Ariel Door man carefully explains in his stage directions that Death and the Maiden is set in â€Å"a country that is probably Chile but could be any country that has given itself a democratic government just after a long period of dictatorship† which helps us to understand what exactly the significance is of Greaser's position on the commission appointed to investigate the crimes committed under the regime. It plays one of the most important aspects to he characters conflict between justice and the love for his wife who decides to take the law into her own hands.It emphasizes what kind Of negative control a dictatorship has and the effects of it. Why does Pauline lock the door? Is it to keep Gerard safe or to keep him away? Act 1, Scene 3 It's the middle of the night and Pauline is written doing something suspicious. She is seen going into her living room and pulling out her gun and her stockings. She then goes to Reboot's room, listening, and then goes in. A confused muffled cry is he ard then silence. Pauline goes back to her own mom and locks the door.She then goes back onto Reboot's room and pulls out what suspiciously looks like a body before wing it to a chair. We learn that the body is indeed Reboot's. She collects all of Reboot's belongings and goes to leave the house, but not before taking off her underwear and gagging Roberto. She leaves the house in Reboot's car and leaving Gerard locked in his room and Roberto tied to a chair. Act 1, Scene 4 It's early in the morning and Roberto is tied to a chair and gagged only just waking up to find Pauline sitting in front of him with a gun. He is confused.Seeing that he is awake, Pauline greets him kindly, as though he weren't tied to a chair and gagged, she proceeds to converse with him almost normally. She begins her monologue moving from one topic to another. A friend Roberto might be related to, her early career as a student to become a doctor and asking him his preference for sandwiches. We begin to see she c ould possibly have some mental problems. He unlocks her bedroom door. She also turns on Death and the Maiden from the cassette she stole from Reboot's car gushing about how much she loved it and now how it haunts her.Gerard wakes up shocked, and goes to untie Roberto Miranda, but Pauline, convinced Miranda is one of her captors tells Gerard so. He seems UN entirely convinced and tells her she is sick which she denies. He tries to convince Pauline to let R. Miranda go but she is entirely convinced. And due to her assuredness, she tells Gerard her plan to put him on trial, like he would do if he was on the commission. Act 2, scene 1 Gerard has left to fetch his car, Roberto is still tied and Pauline has her back to him, and begins to relay of the horrors she suffered in the doctor's â€Å"care. †She had estranged herself from her parents, so when she was released, she had very few choices of where to go. Roberto makes a movement as if he wants to speak, but she makes him wait, thinking he's hungry, and imitates the doctor's voice for a moment. She then explains why he wouldn't have known about Gerard and made the connection to her. She had not mentioned Gerard in all the time that she was being tortured, but his house is where she went as soon as she was released. Gerard then returns to the house, and Pauline enquires how it went and whether the flat was fixed. He doesn't answer.